Water Quality Monitoring Node (TDS, pH, Turbidity)

Problem statement

Water supplied to hostels, labs or nearby villages may not always meet quality norms, but regular laboratory testing is expensive and infrequent.

Abstract

This project builds a low-cost water quality node that uses TDS (Total Dissolved Solids), pH and turbidity sensors to check water quality in real time. An ESP32 controller reads sensor values, applies calibration functions and uploads them to a cloud platform where graphs and thresholds indicate potability.

Components required

• ESP32 or similar microcontroller
• TDS sensor module
• pH sensor with amplifier board
• Turbidity sensor
• Water sample chamber / flow-through cell
• Wi-Fi access
• Cloud dashboard

Block diagram

Working

Sensors immersed in the water sample output voltages corresponding to TDS, pH and turbidity. The ESP32 performs ADC conversion, calibrates values using known reference samples and sends processed readings over Wi-Fi. A dashboard compares them with WHO standards and highlights unsafe conditions or sudden changes.

Applications

• Campus drinking water monitoring
• Village water quality surveys
• Aquaculture and fish tanks
• Environmental engineering projects