Smart Agriculture Drone for Crop Spraying Simulation

Problem statement

Manual spraying of pesticides is labor-intensive, exposes workers to chemicals and may not target affected areas efficiently.

Abstract

This project demonstrates a scaled-down smart agriculture drone concept. A quadcopter or ground rover carries a small spray tank. Using GPS waypoints or camera-based row detection, it moves over a predefined path and activates the spray mechanism only over target regions. In indoor demos, colored water or markers can be used instead of chemicals.

Components required

• Quadcopter frame or 4WD rover chassis
• Flight controller (or Arduino-based controller)
• GPS module (for outdoor demo)
• Small water pump and nozzle
• Tank for liquid
• Battery pack
• Optional camera for row detection

Block diagram

Working

The operator programs a path or set of waypoints. The controller navigates the drone/rover along this path using GPS or odometry. When it reaches zones marked for spraying, it activates the pump via a relay or MOSFET. A feedback loop can monitor speed and spray flow to ensure uniform coverage.

Applications

• Precision agriculture concepts
• Drone robotics demonstrations
• Reducing human exposure to chemicals
• Platform for further AI-based crop analysis